What is COT data?

Every week, the CFTC forces large futures traders to publicly report their positions. This tells you who is betting which way in every major futures market — from gold to S&P 500 to corn.

Who are the groups?

  • Commercials / Producers — Companies that actually use the commodity (e.g. a gold miner hedging). They know their market deeply and are often right at major turning points.
  • Non-Commercial / Managed Money — Hedge funds and speculators. They drive trends, but tend to get crowded at extremes right before reversals.
  • Non-Reportable — Small traders. Generally considered "dumb money" — they're usually most bullish at tops and most bearish at bottoms.

What to look for

Bullish signal: Commercials are building large long positions (high percentile) while speculators are heavily short. Commercials tend to be right.

Bearish signal: Speculators are at historically extreme long positions. Crowded trades tend to unwind.

  • Percentile is the most important column — it tells you where current positioning falls in history. Above 90% or below 10% = extreme.
  • Weekly change shows who is actively adding or cutting. A big weekly shift often leads price.
  • Open interest rising with price = trend is healthy. Falling open interest = traders are exiting, trend may be exhausted.

Report types

  • Legacy — Simplest breakdown (commercial vs speculator). Good starting point. Covers all markets back to 1986.
  • Disaggregated — Splits speculators into Managed Money (hedge funds) vs Swap Dealers. More useful for commodities. Since 2006.
  • Traders in Financial Futures (TFF) — Best for financial markets (S&P 500, treasuries, FX). Shows Asset Managers vs Leveraged Funds vs Dealers. Since 2010.

Select a market above to view positioning data